What is CPU and how does it work?

What is CPU and how does it work?

Do you know what this CPU is? Why is it also called the brain of the computer? There are many questions which often bother many people. Just as our brain in our body controls all our processes, similarly in a computer also the CPU controls all the processes going on in and out, especially that is why CPU is also called brain of the computer.

 

It handles all the instructions given by the user, and it is above the capacity of the CPU how quickly and according to how it processes those instructions. The sooner they can do this, the better or efficient CPU is called. Let's get some information about CPU.

 

As advancement in technology is happening, we need fast CPU to process more and more complex processes, which can easily do these complex calculations and can handle many processes simultaneously, This thing is also called Multitasking. This is why Software and Hardware Developers are always engaged in making better CPUs because their demand also keeps increasing. Let's take an example to understand.

 

When you go to the shop to buy a laptop or a desktop, they tell you about some technical specifications such as 64 bit quad core Intel i7, or i5 etc. If you are not from the field of computer then you will not understand anything from it. But in the end what he is saying will not hurt you. Do not panic because today we are going to provide information about the same technical specification, Cores, CPU itself.

 

In the market every 6 months, you will see CPU with new processor. It is also difficult for new users, they should choose a processor from the cone if they are buying a new system. Because according to your work you have a requirement.

 

In such a situation, if you have to do basic work then you do not have any need to get more advanced CPU. Because for such tasks your normal CPU can also do that work comfortably and you will not have to spend much money. But due to lack of correct information, people always get enticed by shopkeepers and buy more expensive CPU which they never need.

 

So today I thought why not give you the right information about what is the central processing unit and how it works so that you will be able to choose the right CPU. Then without delay, let's start and know about what the CPU.

 

Topic sequence

• What is CPU ?
• What is the full form of CPU?
• CPU Functions
• How does cpu work
• Information about CPU parts
• Types of CPU
• How important are CPUs?
• What are CPU Cores and how many Cores are there in CPU?
• What is Hyper Threading?
• What is multithreading?
• Intel Core i3 vs. i5 vs. i7
• What does the CPU look like and where is it located?
• What is CPU Advantages
• Definition of cpu
• CPU architecture
• Frequently asked questions

What is CPU?

 

Do you know what the full name of the CPU is? Full form of CPU is Central processing unit. It is a small piece of hardware that processes all the instructions of the computer program. It handles all the important tasks of computer system such as arithmetical, logical, and input / output operations.

 

CPUs are made in such a way that microscopic transistors can be placed in a single computer chip in the amount of billions. It is only with the help of transistors that all calculations are done that are needed to run the programs which are stored in the memory of the system.

 

The CPU is also called the brain of the computer because - all instruction, no matter how simple it is, all have to go through the CPU. For example, you type an alphabet such as L then it appears in the screen. The CPU has a hand in making it appear in the screen.

 

For this reason, the CPU is also referred to by the name of the central processor unit, and in short it is called the processor. So when you are looking at the technical specification of a device in an electronic store, then the processor specification that is there is the CPU.

 

When we discus about different types of CPU, we mean its speed. Like how soon he completes all the functions. We need only speed in doing our work, the sooner our work is processed, the sooner we can do any new work easily.

 

As our instruction complex becomes like 3D animation, editing of video files etc. in such a situation, we need more better CPU. Therefore, whatever technological advances have been made in processor technology, speed has been the most important reason behind all of them.

 

We know CPU by many names such as processor, central processor, or microprocessor etc.

 

Day It receives whatever instructions it receives from its software and hardware, no matter how small it is, it processes it. Therefore, it is a very major part of the computer.

 

In the advancements in CPU technology, one thing is given more importance in how the transistors can be reduced and reduced. This is because with this, those CPUs can be made more efficient and their speed can be increased by several times.

 

For the first time, a scientist whose name is Moore, said this thing. Hence this thing is also called Moore’s Law.

 

What is the full form of CPU?

The full form of CPU is Central Processing Unit. If you translate it to Hindi then it is "Central Processing Unit".

What is CPU and how does it work?

CPU Functions

So let's know about some important features of Central Processing Unit (CPU)

 

The CPU is considered to be the brain of the computer.

The CPU performs all types of data processing operations.

It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions (program).

With this, it controls all the operations of all parts of the computer.

How does cpu work ?

You need to know what CPU works. By the way, we know that the CPU that works are very important, but now we will know how this CPU works. Since the creation of the CPU, so many improvements have been made in it in the last several years.

 

Despite so many improvements, the basic function of the CPU is still the same. Its basic functions are fetch, decode, and execute. Let us know about them in detail.

 

Fetch

As the word suggests, instruction is received in it. In this instruction means that series of numbers which are passed from RAM to CPU. Each instruction is only a small part of an operation, so the CPU must know which instruction is coming next. The current instruction address is maintained by the program counter (PC).

 

PCs and instructions are then placed in the Instruction Register (IR). After that the PC length is extended so that it can be referenced at the next instruction's address.

 

Decode

Once the instruction is fetch and stored in IR, then the CPU passes that instruction into a circuit called instruction decoder. It then converts that instruction into signals which are then passed by the parts of the other CPU for further action.

 

Execute

This is the last step, in which decoded instructions are sent to relevant parts of the CPU to be completed. Then the results are often written to the CPU register, where they can be referenced by later instructions. Here you can understand them as the memory function of your calculator.

 

Information about CPU parts

CPU Parts

Here, we will know what are the components of CPU and what work they do. By the way, there are three main components of CPU.

 

Memory or Storage Unit

Control unit

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

Memory or Storage Unit

These store the instructions, data, and intermediate results of the unit system. These units also provide information to all other units as and when required. It is also called internal storage unit or main memory or primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM).

 

Its size affects its speed, power, and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory are two such memories which are important in the computer.

 

What are the functions of memory unit

 

It stores all the data and instructions needed for processing.

It stores all intermediate results of processing.

It stores the final results of processing when they are not released in the output device even when they are released in the output device.

All inputs and outputs are transmitted by main memory.

Control unit

These units control the operations of all parts of the computer but they do not perform any actual data processing operations.

 

What are the functions of Control Unit

 

It is used to control the transfers of data and instructions that are used to transfer other units of the computer.

This is done to manage and coordinate all the units of the computer.

It receives instructions from memory, interprets them, and is used to direct those operations to the computer.

It communicates with Input / Output devices for data transfer and for results from storage.

It does not process anything nor does it store any data.

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

This unit consists of two subsections called key

 

Arithmetic section

Logic section

Arithmetic section

The function of this arithmetic section is that all these perform arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. All complex operations are done by repetitive use of the operations mentioned above.

 

Logic section

The main function of this logic section is that it performs all these logic operations like comparing, selecting, matching, and merging of data.

 

Types of CPU

As we know that computer CPU (called Central Processing Unit in short) is a very important component that handles all instructions and calculations that are sent to it from other computer's components and peripherals. The speed at which software programs work depends on the CPU, how powerful they are.

 

So it is important that you choose the right CPU so that they can handle all the tasks as needed. Right now Intel and AMD are the two largest leading CPU manufacturers in the world, who have their own types of CPUs.

 

Single Core CPUs

Single core CPUs are available in the oldest types of computer CPUs and these types of CPUs were first used.

 

Single core CPUs can only do one operation at a time, so they are not the right option for multi-tasking. Whenever the user wants to run more than one application, then their performance decreases very soon.

 

If you want to run another application, then you will have to wait till the first one is over. Otherwise the first operation will be very slow. In such type of CPUs, the performance of the computer depends mostly on clock speeds and which is also a measurement of power.

 

Dual Core CPUs

A dual core CPU is a single CPU but it has two cores and hence it functions like two CPUs.

 

Whereas in a single core CPU, the processor has to switch back and forth to different sets of data streams if more operation is to be done, while dual core CPUs can handle multitasking with greater ease, that too efficiently.

 

To take advantage of Dual Core, it is very important to have a special code written in both the operating system and the programs that are running in it, which is called SMT (simultaneous multi-threading technology). Dual core CPUs are faster than single core but not like quad core CPUs.

 

Quad Core CPUs

Quad core CPUs are further refinement of multi-core CPU design and feature four cores in a single CPU. As the workload in one of the dual core CPUs is split within the two cores, the quad cores can perform even larger amounts of large multitasking tasks. This does not mean that a single operation will be up to four times faster.

 

This is possible only with the SMT Code. Speed ​​is not much noticeable in these CPUs. But yes, if users who have to do many heavy tasks like video editing, games, animations, etc. then these CPUs will definitely come in handy.

 

How important are CPUs?

Like I have already said how important CPU is for a computer. Since it is also called brain of computer, you must have understood how important it is.

 

Since it is solely responsible for executing commands within the program, the more CPU capacity, the more quickly they can run their applications.

 

What are CPU Cores and how many Cores are there in CPU?

Talking about computing of earlier times, earlier there used to be single core in CPU. This means that the CPU was limited to only a single set of tasks.

 

For this reason only, the speed of computing was very low in earlier computers and they used to spend more time to work.

 

But due to the requirement of more computing power over time, manufacturers had to adopt new methods to increase performance. And while improving this performance, multi-core processors were born. Which we are currently hearing about dual, quad, and octa-core CPUs.

 

Dual Core Processor: In a dual-core processor, two separate CPUs are connected in a single chip. By increasing the number of cores, CPUs are able to handle multiple processes simultaneously.

 

This gives manufacturers a CPU with more performance and less processing time as per their requirements.

 

With the advent of dual-core, these further quad-core processors which have four CPUs, are helpful in developing them. Likewise octo-core processors.

 

What is Hyper Threading?

Some CPUs virtualize their current physical core and cause a loss of more cores. This process is called Hyper Threading. For example, use single core to virtualize it as dual cores. With this, dual cores can be made work despite being single core.

 

Virtualizing means that a CPU with a core is present but starts to function like a dual core. Additional cores here mean having separate threads. But here it should be known that physical core perform much better than virtual cores.

 

What is multithreading?

The thread here is treated as cores. Suppose you can consider a single thread as a single piece of computer process. Multithreading means that

 

 

Processing more threads at once.

 

Meaning that more number of instructions are understood and processed in a single CPU at the same time. This allows CPU core to process more work at the same time. Which greatly increases the computing speed.

 

Intel Core i3 vs. i5 vs. i7

Let's know about the different CPUs of Intel. How do these processors work? You must be thinking that Intel's i7 processor performs better than i5 and i3. And this is also true. Because i7 is much better than i5 and i5 is better than i3.

 

But do you know why this processor is different from each other and different from each other in terms of performance. But it is easy to understand, let's know about it.

 

Intel Core i3 processors are dual-core processors, while i5 and i7 processors are quad-core.

 

With features like Turbo Boost, the i5 and i7 chips work much better. This turbo boost enables this processor to help increase its clock speed more than the base speed, such as from 3.0 GHz to 3.5 GHz, whenever they need it. But Intel Core i3 chips do not have these features.

 

Processor models that have "K" written at the end can be easily overclocked, which means that the extra clock speed can be forced and utilized at the time of need.

 

Hyper-Threading, as I have already mentioned about this, enables two threads to process each CPU core simultaneously. This means that four simultaneous threads (since they are dual-core processors) can be processed simultaneously in the i3 processors which supports Hyper-Threading.

 

While Intel Core i5 processors do not support Hyper-Threading, it means that they can also work with four threads at the same time. Same i7 processors but support this technology (since it is quad-core) so they can process 8 threads at a time.

 

Because many devices have power constraints in which there is no continuous supply of power, all the processors be it i3, i5, or i7, they have to balance their performance and power consumption.

 

What does the CPU look like and where is it located?

A modern CPU is usually small and square in shape, with many short, rounded, metallic connectors on the bottom. But some older CPUs have pins in place of metallic connectors.

 

CPUs directly attach with the CPU "socket" (or sometimes a "slot") which is located in the motherboard. The CPU is inserted into the socket pin-side-down, and a small lever helps secure that processor.

 

Since the CPU has to do many processes at once, these modern CPUs get hot most of the time due to some time run. So to remove this heat, it is important to attach a heat sink and a fan directly to the top of the CPU. Typically, it comes bundled with CPU that you must buy.

 

Talk about other advanced cooling options, you can use water cooling kits. While installing these CPU, take special care of them because its pins are very sophisticated.

 

What is CPU Clock Speed?

The clock speed of any processor is called that where a processor can process how many number of instructions in a second. It is measured in gigahertz (GHz).

 

For example, if the clock speed of a CPU is 1 Hz then it means that it processes the same instruction in a second. Similarly, if the clock speed of a CPU is 3.0 GHz then it can process 3 billion instructions in a second.

 

What is CPU Advantages

By the way, a computer has many advantages in a computer. But here we will talk about only a few advantages.

 

Fast Calculation of Mathematical Data

The primary advantage of a Computer Processor or CPU is that by this you can fast calculate mathematical data. This is a very important reason why computers are ahead of humans in some tasks, for example Mathematical modeling.

 

On the basis of this fast calculation of mathematical data, many tasks can be done in the computer, such as video game, photo editing etc.

 

A Dynamic Circuit

A modern computer processor is basically a dynamic circuit. There are tens of millions of tiny switches called transistors. Other components of the processor control the configuration of these tiny switches according to their input data or from the active application.

 

This tiny switch produces large and complex dynamic circuits, such as printed circuit board (PCB) in electronics. Similarly, a computer can emulate the function of other electronics.

 

Basic Computer Functionality

A primary basis of any computer is a processor. All other hardware components are built according to the processor. Without this, the rest of the computer's hardware and software is absolutely pointless.

 

All input and output peripherals completely depend on the processor itself and for input and output of data. Because only through this processor the input data is processed and reaches the output. This processor is where the computer computes anything.

 

Definition of CPU ?

In all the computers that you can see in your office, you have a very important thing in it, which is called Central Processing Unit, or CPU. This CPU processes all kinds of arithmetic and logical decisions in the speed of billions of operations per second.

 

Most of the components of the computer serve the CPU and fetch the data, store it and finally display the results in the screen. So let's have a look at some of its functions.

 

Calculations

A CPU performs all basic arithmetic such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division at very high speeds. Since complex math functions have simple arithmetic of long chains, your computer can also fast these trigonometry, logarithms and other tough math problems.

 

For example, your computer's CPU can calculate hundreds of spreadsheet cells in a fraction of a second.

 

Logic

The CPU makes many logic decisions based on simple comparisons, such as greater-than condition, less-than condition and equal-to condition. Then according to the outcome of the CPU comparison takes its action.

 

Moving data

The CPU spends a lot of its time moving data from one place to another. For example, to read (read) a file from hard drive, calculate something in the data and later write it to another file.

 

Multitasking

The CPU can easily do "multitasks," for which it has to switch to different types of programs. And work has to be done according to priroty. This makes full use of CPU memory. With multitasking, many tasks can run simultaneously parallelly without any task being closed.

 

CPU architecture

As advancement in technology is taking place. In the same way, there will be many such advancements in CPU, such as the use of superconductor graphene in place of silicon or in conjunction with it.

 

The size of CPU is gradually decreasing every year. Like the latest generation of Intel architecture has been manufactured in 22 nanometers (nm = 1 billionth of a meter). It is heard that the next-generation CPU is going to be even less at 14nm.

 

Due to its small power consumption can also be reduced and extra cores can also be added to the CPU, this can also keep Moore’s law intact.

 

Gradually, this size is constantly being reduced. But whatever it becomes small, it will be larger than the size of the atom of Silicon, because it cannot be smaller than that. Then it is indicating that something new can be used in place of Silicon soon.

 

Maybe that thing is graphene? Because it is very small size. Extremely thin, is one of the thinnest known materials. This will definitely help the scientists in reducing the size of CPU. IBM has reported that they have developed a graphene "transistor" that can also work at 300GHz.

 

The way technology is being used, it is clear that Graphene CPU usage can be seen in the CPU industry very soon. Only time will tell what changes are coming in the CPU.

 

Frequently asked questions

1.     How to connect 1Led to CPU?

You can use male-to-male HDMI cable to connect A - Led Tv with CPU. For this, you have to change the input of Tv from remote. Then you have to make some changes in the display settings of the computer. By doing this you can easily connect LED Tv to CPU.

 

2 Which is the best CPU?

A - There are many CPUs in the market. Here I have mentioned some CPU names which are the best.

 

1 - Intel® Core ™ i5-8600

 

2 - AMD Ryzen 5 1600

 

3 - AMD Ryzen 5 2600X

 

4 - Intel® Core ™ i5-8600K Desktop Processor

 

5 - Intel® Core ™ i7-8700K Desktop Processor

 

3CPU runs on AC or DC?

A - DC current is used to run the CPU.

 

3-Who invented Cpu and when?

A - The basic architecture of CPU was designed by Marcian Edward "Ted" Hoff. And using this same architecture, Federico Faggin was the first to build a CPU (Microprocessor). It was named Intel 4004. It was built in 1971.

 

This CPU used 4 bit architecture, meaning that such data is processed which is of 4 bit length, and it had 256 bytes of Read Only Memory (ROM), 32 bit RAM and one 10 bit shift register.

 

This CPU used 2,300 transistors, which could do about 60,000 operations per second. Its maximum operating frequency was 740 KHz.

 

4-Which was the first processor to come?

A - The first processor of Intel 4004 came in 1971.

 

61 What is the process of connecting multiple computers to a CPU?

You can use ASTER multi monitor software to connect A - 1 CPU to many computers. This is a third party software.

 

5-What is the difference between 7CPU and Operating System?

A - Both of these

 

The main difference is that the CPU is a hardware and the Operating System is a software. That means the operating system is used to operate the CPU. For example Windows XP, Windows 10.

 

6-How to identify 832 bit and 64 bit processor?

A - To identify the processor of your computer, you have to right click on the computer. Then properties have to be selected. In this, you will know about the processor whether it is 32 bit or 64 bit.

 

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